{"id":3420,"date":"2017-04-28T12:09:49","date_gmt":"2017-04-28T16:09:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/?p=3420"},"modified":"2017-04-28T17:08:49","modified_gmt":"2017-04-28T21:08:49","slug":"montreal-and-the-history-of-vaccination-debates-at-the-osler-library","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/montreal-and-the-history-of-vaccination-debates-at-the-osler-library\/","title":{"rendered":"Montreal and the History of Vaccination Debates at the Osler Library"},"content":{"rendered":"

La version fran\u00e7aise suit<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

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\u201cThe recent smallpox epidemic in Montreal – vaccinating American-bound passengers on a train of the Grand Trunk Railway,\u201d by Marvin James, photo-mechanical reproduction of a wood engraving (1885). Osler Library Prints Collection, OPF000001.<\/p><\/div>\n

Montreal 375 gives us the opportunity to reflect on the parcours<\/em> of our city, to explore its past, and to bring this history into dialogue with our present. Our current exhibit at the Osler Library not only highlights the richness of our collections, but also brings them into contemporary conversations in a very Oslerian way. Sir William Osler collected his monumental library of the history of medicine not simply for the intellectual content or the beauty of the books and objects, but because he believed that we live with the past everyday: \u201cthe past,\u201d Osler writes in his famous speech, Aequanimitas<\/em>, \u201cis always with us; never to be escaped; it alone is enduring.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Our newest exhibition, \u201cVaccination: Fame, Fear and Controversy, 1798-1998,\u201d engages with local examples of historical vaccine controversies in an attempt to understand the enduring fear and hesitancy surrounding vaccination. Curators Dr. Rob Boddice of the Freie Universitat Berlin and Cynthia Tang, PhD candidate in the Department of Social Studies of Medicine\/Department of History and Classical Studies, showcase the arguments made by pro- and anti-vaccinationists during the 200 years following Edward Jenner\u2019s invention of vaccination.<\/p>\n

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Stipple engraving of Edward Jenner by Mackenzie (London: T. Hurst, 1802). Osler Library Prints Collection, OP000643.<\/p><\/div>\n

In 1798, Jenner, an English country physician, published the results of his experimental use of matter from cowpox pustules to inoculate patients against smallpox, which has long been endemic to industrialized cities like Montreal. This procedure, which Jenner named vaccination, was swiftly implemented as a standard public health measure and vials of vaccine were shipped and carried worldwide. However, vaccination\u2019s benefits and promises were attended by controversy from its earliest days. Already at the beginning of the 19th century, popular pamphlets and images stoked public anxieties about the introduction of animal material and disease agents into the body. Even after the World Health Organization proclaimed smallpox eradicated in 1980, the debates surrounding vaccination that began in the 19th century have persisted in our public discourse.<\/p>\n

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Glass capillary tube containing smallpox vaccine (Toronto, ca. 1939). Canada Science and Technology Museum, Medical Technology, art. no. 2002.0101.<\/p><\/div>\n

A public panel presentation connected to the exhibition invited McGill and Montreal community members to think about how we understand such past examples of vaccine hesitancy and connect them to modern concerns and mythologies around vaccination. The two co-curators were joined by scholars Professor Andrea Kitta (East Carolina University), a folklorist specializing in medicine, belief and the supernatural, with a particular focus on vaccination, and late Dr. Mark Wainberg (McGill University), director of the McGill University AIDS Centre at the Montreal Jewish General Hospital, and outspoken critic of anti-vaccination rhetoric. The evening\u2019s panel providing a wide-ranging and multidisciplinary perspective. More evidence as to the cross-institutional partnerships developed for this exhibition and the event is the blog post, \u201cHope and Fear in a Glass Capillary: Connecting over the History of Medicine with the Osler Library,<\/a>\u201d written by curator Cynthia Tang for the Canada Science and Technology Museum blog. In it, she explores a single artifact: a glass capillary tube containing smallpox vaccine manufactured Toronto circa 1939, and all of the hopes and fears contained within.<\/p>\n

We are pleased to announce that this exhibition\u2019s run has been extended through the summer! All are welcome to come view the exhibition during library opening hours (Monday through Friday, 9:00-5:00) in the Osler Library, 3rd floor, McIntyre Medical Building, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler.<\/em><\/p>\n

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<\/a>Montr\u00e9al et l\u2019histoire des d\u00e9bats sur la vaccination \u00e0 la biblioth\u00e8que Osler<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00ab\u00a0L\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie r\u00e9cente de variole \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al \u2014 la vaccination des passagers am\u00e9ricains dans un train du Grand Trunk Railway\u00a0\u00bb, par Marvin James, reproduction photom\u00e9canique d\u2019une gravure sur bois (1885). Collection d\u2019images de la biblioth\u00e8que Osler, OPF000001.<\/p><\/div>\n

Le 375e<\/sup> anniversaire de Montr\u00e9al nous donne l\u2019occasion de nous replonger dans le parcours de notre ville, d\u2019explorer son pass\u00e9 et d\u2019en discuter dans le contexte actuel. En plus de mettre en \u00e9vidence la richesse de nos collections, la nouvelle exposition pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e \u00e0 la biblioth\u00e8que Osler permet d\u2019engager des conversations les concernant \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re d\u2019Osler lui-m\u00eame. Sir William Osler a construit cette riche biblioth\u00e8que sur l\u2019histoire de la m\u00e9decine, non seulement pour l\u2019h\u00e9ritage intellectuel ou la beaut\u00e9 des livres et des objets qui s\u2019y trouvent, mais aussi parce qu\u2019il croyait que le pass\u00e9 fait partie de notre vie de tous les jours. \u00ab\u00a0[traduction] Le pass\u00e9, \u00e9crivait Osler dans son c\u00e9l\u00e8bre discours, Aequanimitas<\/em>, fait toujours partie de nous et nous ne pouvons y \u00e9chapper; c’est le seul qui r\u00e9siste \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve du temps.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Notre nouvelle exposition, \u00ab\u00a0Vaccination\u00a0: Fame, Fear and Controversy, 1798-1998\u00a0\u00bb, offre des exemples de controverses autour de la vaccination, qui faisaient rage dans la r\u00e9gion \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, en vue de permettre aux visiteurs de comprendre la peur et l\u2019h\u00e9sitation qui r\u00e9gnaient \u00e0 son \u00e9gard. Les conservateurs Rob Boddice de la Freie Universitat de Berlin et Cynthia Tang, candidate au doctorat au d\u00e9partement des Sciences sociales en m\u00e9decine et au d\u00e9partement de l\u2019Histoire et \u00e9tudes classiques, pr\u00e9sentent le raisonnement des personnes qui \u00e9taient en faveur de la vaccination et de celles qui s\u2019y opposaient au cours des 200\u00a0ans qui ont suivi la d\u00e9couverte de la vaccination par Edward Jenner.<\/p>\n

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Portrait d\u2019Edward Jenner par gravure au pointill\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par Mackenzie (Londres\u00a0: T. Hurst, 1802). Collection d\u2019images de la biblioth\u00e8que Osler, OP000643.<\/p><\/div>\n

En 1798, Jenner, un m\u00e9decin d\u2019Angleterre qui pratiquait en r\u00e9gion rurale, a publi\u00e9 les r\u00e9sultats de ses exp\u00e9riences sur l\u2019utilisation de mati\u00e8res extraites de pustules contenant le virus de la vaccine pour inoculer les patients contre la variole, qui a longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 end\u00e9mique dans les villes industrialis\u00e9es comme Montr\u00e9al. Cette m\u00e9thode, que Jenner a nomm\u00e9e vaccination, a \u00e9t\u00e9 rapidement adopt\u00e9e et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e comme mesure de sant\u00e9 publique, et des fioles de vaccin antivariolique ont \u00e9t\u00e9 exp\u00e9di\u00e9es et distribu\u00e9es dans le monde entier. Toutefois, les avantages et les r\u00e9sultats prometteurs de la vaccination ont d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but fait l’objet d\u2019une controverse. D\u00e9j\u00e0, au d\u00e9but du 19e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, la publication de brochures et d\u2019images suscitait dans la population des inqui\u00e9tudes li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019introduction de mati\u00e8re animale et d\u2019agents pathog\u00e8nes dans le corps. M\u00eame apr\u00e8s l\u2019annonce de l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 en 1980, selon laquelle la variole avait \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9radiqu\u00e9e, les d\u00e9bats publics amorc\u00e9s au 19e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle autour de la vaccination se sont poursuivis.<\/p>\n

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Tube capillaire contenant le vaccin antivariolique (Toronto, vers 1939). Technologie m\u00e9dicale, Mus\u00e9e des sciences et de la technologie du Canada, n\u00ba d\u2019artefact\u00a0: 2002.0101.<\/p><\/div>\n

Dans le cadre de l\u2019exposition, une pr\u00e9sentation publique a \u00e9t\u00e9 dirig\u00e9e par un groupe d\u2019experts \u00e0 laquelle ont \u00e9t\u00e9 convi\u00e9s les membres de la collectivit\u00e9 de McGill et de Montr\u00e9al. Cette initiative a port\u00e9 les participants \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir sur ces exemples pass\u00e9s de l\u2019h\u00e9sitation autour de la vaccination et \u00e0 faire le lien avec les pr\u00e9occupations et mythes sur la vaccination qui perdurent encore aujourd\u2019hui. Les deux conservateurs \u00e9taient accompagn\u00e9s des chercheurs Andrea Kitta (East Carolina University), une folkloriste sp\u00e9cialiste de la m\u00e9decine, des croyances et du surnaturel, qui s\u2019int\u00e9resse particuli\u00e8rement \u00e0 la vaccination, et feu Mark Wainberg \u00a0<\/strong>(Universit\u00e9 McGill), directeur du Centre universitaire sur le SIDA de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 McGill \u00e0 l\u2019H\u00f4pital g\u00e9n\u00e9ral juif de Montr\u00e9al et critique de la rh\u00e9torique anti-vaccin. La pr\u00e9sentation tenue en soir\u00e9e a permis de d\u00e9gager une perspective g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et multidisciplinaire. Le billet de blogue \u00ab\u00a0Hope and Fear in a Glass Capillary: Connecting over the History of Medicine with the Osler Library\u00a0<\/a>\u00bb ([traduction] Espoir et peur dans une fiole de verre \u2014 Retracer l\u2019histoire de la vaccination en compagnie de la Biblioth\u00e8que Osler), publi\u00e9 par la conservatrice Cynthia Tang pour le Mus\u00e9e des sciences et de la technologie du Canada, t\u00e9moigne des partenariats interorganisationnels \u00e9tablis pour l\u2019exposition et l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement. Son bloque porte sur un seul objet\u00a0: une fiole de verre contenant le vaccin contre la variole fabriqu\u00e9 \u00e0 Toronto vers 1939, et tous les espoirs et les peurs qu\u2019elle suscitait.<\/p>\n

Nous sommes heureux d\u2019annoncer que cette exposition se poursuivra durant l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9! Vous \u00eates tous invit\u00e9s \u00e0 venir voir l\u2019exposition durant les heures d\u2019ouverture (du lundi au vendredi de 9 h \u00e0 17 h) \u00e0 la biblioth\u00e8que Osler, 3e<\/sup> \u00e9tage de l\u2019\u00e9difice McIntyre Medical Sciences, 3655, promenade Sir-William-Osler.<\/em><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La version fran\u00e7aise suit Montreal 375 gives us the opportunity to reflect on the parcours of our city, to explore its past, and to bring this history into dialogue with our present. Our current exhibit at the Osler Library not … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[67,281,283],"class_list":["post-3420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-events-exhibits","tag-exhibition","tag-roaar","tag-vaccination"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3420"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3433,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3420\/revisions\/3433"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.library.mcgill.ca\/osler-library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}