While February may be the month of love, a history of marriage laws in Canada demonstrates that love and marriage don’t always go hand in hand. In curating the Gelber’s new exhibit: Two Rings Don’t Make a Right: The Historical Development of Marriage and Divorce Law in Canada, we at the Gelber learned a lot about the hard won rights Canadians have made towards both marriage and divorce. This exhibit showcases stories, legal history and publications dating back to 18th century Canada and 16th century Europe; we could not resist including some European content as a precursor to the Canadian legal system.
We are also excited to once again host a library touch table as part of this exhibit. In addition to our display cases of materials you can enjoy an interactive visual presentation designed by Sonia Smith. These informative slides provide historical context for many of the items found on display. Included in the display are several important Canadian, UK and French statutes related to both divorce and marriage law.
While curating this exhibit it was fascinating to see the changing perceptions of married life. We found several volumes from early 20th to late 19th C which provide extremely detailed and shockingly dated instructions to women on how to ensure a successful marriage. One of the most aesthetically beautiful works on display which was loaned to us by the Osler History of Medicine Library, and includes a hand-written note from a 16th C Dutch father giving his son permission to marry – at least marriage without parental consent is one right Canadians did not have to fight for!
If you haven’t seen it yet, there is one month left to check out the current Gelber exhibit: Witchcraft in the Law. This exhibit, which has been in place since October 2022, highlights rare materials collected from the Rare Books collection here at the Gelber, along with materials from ROAAr and the Osler History of Medicine Library.
(Lisa Barrett, Nahum Gelber Law Library, 2022)
This was a very fun exhibit to plan and we all learned a lot about the history of witchcraft in the law! Many of the materials displayed in this exhibit are first hand accounts and perceptions of witchcraft throughout history. There are books in this exhibit dating from the 15th to early 17th century, in which we see fearful rantings about the influence of the devil and witches and their evil ways, including descriptions of exorcisms, how to detect witchcraft and of course witch trials. As we move to the later publications you can see a change which happens in the late 17th century – suddenly the discourse is much more logical and centered on disproving these superstitions about the existence of magical powers in any corporeal sense. The timing of this transition of thinking is why we see fewer cases of witchcraft in Canada, the country was still so sparsely populated in the early 1600’s, and your neighbors were often your lifeline, so you’d be shooting yourself in the foot to accuse them of witchcraft. However, there are still a few cases, in fact mostly from New France.
(Lisa Barrett, Nahum Gelber Law Library, 2022)
One such case from New France is the legend of Corriveau, which is one of Quebec’s most popular witch or ghost stories. Marie-Josephte Corriveau was convicted of murdering her husband in the mid 18th century. Original descriptions of the case contain incredibly verbose language, describing her as evil and wicked and theatrically claiming she took delight in the murder. Corriveau’s rather gruesome punishment was to “hang in chains until dead” after which her corpse was displayed publicly in a body shaped hanging cage called a gibbet. You can see this very cage at the Museum of Civilization in Quebec City. While the legend lives on, Corriveau’s conviction was overturned more than 200 years later in a mock trial by the Young Barristers Association of Montreal.
(Lisa Barrett, Nahum Gelber Law Library, 2022)
Don’t miss this collection of first hand accounts and fascinating historical progress from superstition and fear to more modern logic based reasoning.
We’re excited to announce a new exhibit at the Law Library. Some of you may have noticed, our exhibit tables have been relocated next to the stairs to make it easier for everyone to stop and peruse as you go about your days of studying.
McGill University has recently reached its bicentennial and while the faculty of law was founded a few years later, it was the first law school in Canada and has contributed greatly to McGill’s notoriety and prestige over the last (almost) 200 years. In honor of this impact, we have curated an exhibit highlighting the Law Faculty through the ages. One half of the exhibit focuses on notable faculty members, graduates, and organizations, of which there are too many to do justice in a 3×5 exhibit case! In the other we have dredged up some often forgotten contributions and snippets of student life.
Take a moment to learn about some notable figures in the faculty’s history, like 1891 Graduate Robert Stanley Weir who wrote the lyrics to our national anthem. Or Quebec’s first female law graduate Annie MacDonald Langstaff; and of course, John Humphrey, McGill professor and Canadian Human Rights icon, just to name a few.
Student life of the past is often elusive. While we keep records of publications like the Quid Novi or student theses, often the memories of student groups, unofficial activities and just daily life are lost. This is why we dug deep into local news publications and our Head Librarian’s collection of memorabilia (thanks Daniel!). We were able to put together snippets of the life of law students; from 1920’s sports stars and student plays to environmental activists’ groups of the 70’s. We even discovered that McGill Law was featured in a short run Quebecois 70’s sitcom! So, join us for a walk down the Law Faculty memory lane and learn a few fun facts about our history.
On November 1946, Viola Desmond, an African-Nova Scotian businesswoman, challenged racial discrimination when she refused to leave the segregated whites-only section of the Roseland Theatre in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia. After being forcibly removed from the theatre by police, arrested and charged, she refuses to accept the charges against her and takes her case to Nova Scotia’s Supreme Court, where she loses her appeal. To commemorate the 75th anniversary of Viola Desmond challenging racial segregation, the Nahum Gelber Law Library presents an exhibition on her life and her struggle for rights in Canada. The exhibition was curated by Sonia Smith. On display until December 2021.
Mtre Daniel Boyer’s work over the past two decades as Wainwright Librarian at the Gelber Law Library, McGill University and beyond has been once again recently underscored: in its most recent elections this July, the International Academy of Comparative Law elected him an “Associate Member”.
Led by Daniel Boyer, the Gelber Law Library’s Comparative Law holdings have supported and grown in tandem with the development the Law Faculty’s innovative transsystemic teaching programme at McGill University. In bestowing the Advocatus Emeritus (Ad.E.) honour to Daniel Boyer in 2018, the Barreau of Québec noted “[…] à la barre de la Bibliothèque Nahum Gelber depuis 2009, il en fait un modèle parmi les bibliothèques de droit comparé du monde.” In addition to his publications and conference presentations on Comparative Law, he has advised numerous law libraries, notably in France, Sweden and Switzerland, and has lectured extensively in Vietnam with the late Professor H. Patrick Glenn. In recognition of his service with the International Association of Law Libraries (I.A.L.L.), he was elected “Honoured Member” of the association in 2019. He currently is a Full member of the Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law, and is working on comparative citations protocols.
Daniel Boyer’s interest for Comparative Law is long-standing. During his articles, he published a comparative study on the role of taxing officers in Common Law jurisdictions at the behest of the Barreau du Québec and, shortly afterwards, studied in England with the noted comparatist Professor Clive Schmitthoff. He was subsequently awarded a van Calker Fellowship by the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law.
Based in Paris, the International Academy of Comparative Law was founded at The Hague on 13 September 1924. The International Academy of Comparative Law brings together jurists from all over the globe. In addition, it undertakes the universal diffusion of publications which take into consideration all legal orders and all legal systems. The International Academy of Comparative Law is a body of legal scholars that primarily aims, according to article two of its Statutes, at “the comparative study of legal systems.” It currently has more than seven hundred members across the world.
Nahum Gelber Law Library staff is looking forward to welcoming students back this fall with clean views via some freshly washed windows.
The Law Library is privileged to boast an abundance of natural light, although in recent years our impressive fenestrations have become a little cloudy. Studies have shown that natural light improves both productivity and mental health(1) – both of which are top priorities for library staff in serving McGill Law Students.
We are looking to the future with hopeful anticipation of study spaces filled with engaged students enjoying our beautiful library with some of the cleanest views we’ve seen in years.
(1) The effects of exposure to natural light in the workplace on the health and productivity of office workers: a systematic review protocol, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews: Volume 8 – Issue 16 – p 1-19
Sonia and Mila’s forward thinking “Wellness Collection” and subsequent article, have been a huge success with students. This project started in 2018 in response to several studies discussing the particularly high rate of stress and mental health issues among law students. The authors had no idea what a vital resource this would become during the widespread mental health crisis that students would face during the 2020/2021 pandemic. While in person, students were able to relax by taking advantage of a “de-stress corner” where they could take a much needed break from rigorous academic pursuits. Over the past year students have benefited from the thoughtfully curated Wellness Resources for Law Students Libguide. Now more than ever we appreciate Sonia and Mila’s hard work and dedication to McGill Law students.
Congratulations to Mtre Daniel Boyer, Ad. E., Wainwright Librarian and Head Librarian of the Nahum Gelber Law Library, on being elected an Honorary Member of the International Association of Law Libraries (IALL).
Founded in 1959, IALL is an international association dedicated to comparative legal librarianship. It has over 400 members in more than 50 countries on five continents. Members come from all types of law libraries, including academic, corporate, government, and court libraries. Honorary members are elected annually by the Association’s Board of Directors in recognition of “outstanding and distinguished service”.
Daniel publishes and presents regularly on comparative law, and has acted as a consultant for law libraries in Switzerland and Vietnam. He has long history of service with IALL, including serving most recently on its Board of Directors for two terms, from 2013-2016, and from 2016-2019. During this time, Daniel represented IALL at the annual meetings of the Canadian Association of Law Libraries.
The Board of IALL elected Daniel an Honorary Member at its Board Meeting held in conjunction with the IALL’s 38th Annual Course on International Law Librarianship in Sydney, Australia. However, as a result of the pandemic, Daniel only just received the good news.
By Riley Klassen-Molyneaux, étudiant à la Faculté de droit de l’Université McGill, assistant de référence à la Bibliothèque Gelber.
On June 4th, 2021, the Canadian Copyright Act will be turning 100. While the modern Copyright Act can be traced back to the British Statute of Anne (1709), it wasn’t until 1921 that Canada created its own statute, the statute that we are celebrating this year.
La Loi sur le droit d’auteur canadien est intéressante parce que, même si elle est de compétence fédérale sous l’article 91(23) de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1867 — et en principe une loi anglaise — elle s’inspire à la fois des traditions britanniques et continentales. Elle est une loi proprement transsystémique.
D’une part, la Loi Loi sur le droit d’auteur s’inspire de la tradition anglaise — austère et utilitariste — pour accorder à l’auteure des droits économiques, les droits classiques qui récompensent son talent et son jugement (CCH c. Barreau du Haut-Canada). D’autre part, la Loi s’inspire du droit continental pour lui accorder des droits moraux. Ces droits sont de nature extrapatrimoniale et permettent à l’auteure de contrôler comment on emploie son œuvre (Snow v. The Eaton Centre Ltd).
The Copyright Act is designed to protect and inspire creativity. And it protects creativity in its most organic form without any kind of formality or registration requirement. But the creativity of artists and performers is precisely what challenges the Act’s definition of a work, constantly pushing the boundaries of what copyright protects, of what amounts to a product of skill and judgment.
Here’s to hoping that the Copyright Act can keep up with artists and performers for another 100 years!
Par: George Yeryomin, étudiant à la Faculté de droit de l’Université McGill, assistant de référence à la Bibliothèque Gelber
Le droit civil en tant que tradition juridique s’étend sur plus de deux millénaires et demie d’histoire depuis la fondation de Rome, et ses principes et sa doctrine se trouvent contenus dans un grand nombre de lois et écrits monumentaux : les lois royales, la Loi des XII Tables, la codification monumentale de l’empereur Justinien, dont est issu le jus commune européen, élaboré et enrichi continuellement par tant d’œuvres et commentaires de jurisconsultes illustres, qui a subsisté pendant des siècles en tant que système de droit vivant jusqu’aux codifications nationales récentes (au XIXè siècle). La multitude des écrits formant la tradition et la doctrine civiliste est donc énormément riche et nombreuse. Mais cela veut-il dire que ces ressources doctrinales ne sont qu’accessibles à un nombre très limité de chercheurs? Bien au contraire, il y a une façon assez simple d’avoir accès aux extraits les plus pertinents de anciens docteurs et jurisconsultes qui ont servi de sources pour les compilateurs du Code civil, dont la lecture peut être d’une grande utilité pour comprendre le raisonnement derrière les règles expliquées de façon assez succincte par les codificateurs. Car il faut se le rappeler, le droit civil n’est pas issu du code, mais plutôt le code est l’expression synthétisée du droit civil.
La méthode que l’on vous propose comporte deux étapes, et aura pour but de vous faire découvrir une œuvre monumentale de la doctrine civiliste québécoise du XIXè siècle, La bibliothèque du Code civil de la province de Québec par Charles-Chamilly de Lorimier et Charles-Albert Vilbon1.
Première étape : trouver la concordance entre le CcQ et le CcBC Une des façons de le faire est sur le site du CAIJ : https://elois.caij.qc.ca/CCQ-1991
Entrez l’article à propos duquel vous faites la recherche. La page consacrée à cet article vous indique l’équivalence dans le Code civil du Bas-Canada, s’il y en a une.
Dans l’exemple ci-dessous, nous cherchons les sources de l’art 1401 CcQ :
Une autre façon de trouver l’équivalence est d’aller voir l’édition Wilson-Lafleur du CcQ. En bas du texte de chaque article, l’article équivalent au CcBC est donné, s’il y en a un. Sinon, il y a aussi une table de concordance qui offre la concordance pour chaque article du CcQ.
Voici la même démarche à propos de l’art 1401 CcQ dans l’édition Wilson & Lafleur :
Veuillez noter que l’édition Yvon Blais n’offre pas la concordance en dessous du texte de chaque article du CcQ, et la table de concordance à la fin est classifiée selon l’ordre des articles du CcBC, ce qui rend la recherche un peu plus compliquée si notre point de départ est le CcQ.
Deuxième étape : trouvez l’article du CcBC dans La bibliothèque du Code civil L’ouvrage auquel l’on fait référence est La bibliothèque du Code civil de la province de Québec par Charles-Chamilly de Lorimier et Charles-Albert Vilbon, qui est accessible dans son entièreté sur le site de la bibliothèque de McGill: https://www.library.mcgill.ca/hostedjournals/civilcode.html
Non, Labibliothèque du Code civil n’est pas une bibliothèque au sens propre, mais un ouvrage s’étendant sur plusieurs volumes contenant les autorités et les sources utilisées par les codificateurs pour chaque article du CcBC, allant des lois romaines en passant par les grands jurisconsultes français comme Du Moulin, Pothier, et plusieurs autres, terminant par les nouveaux codes, celui de Napoléon et celui de la Louisiane. Ainsi, cet ouvrage est une mine d’or servant de lien entre la tradition civiliste millénaire et le droit civil contemporain.
Pour vous faciliter la recherche à travers La bibliothèque du Code civil, voici une liste de tous les articles du CcBC contenus dans chacun des volumes de La bibliothèque : • Vol 1 : 1–122 • Vol 2 : 123–307 • Vol 3 : 308–466 • Vol 4 : 467–565 (début) • Vol 5 : 565 (suite)–718 • Vol 6 : 719–857 • Vol 7 : 858–1026 • Vol 8 : 1027–1149 • Vol 9 : 1150–1265 • Vol 10 : 1266–1384 • Vol 11 : 1385–1501 • Vol 12 : 1502–1603 • Vol 13 : 1604–1714 • Vol 14 : 1715–1809 • Vol 15 : 1810–1897 • Vol 16 : 1898–1975 • Vol 17 : 1976–2078 • Vol 18 : 2079–2196 (début) • Vol 19 : 2196 (suite)–2233 • Vol 20 : 2234–2266 • Vol 21 : 2267–2277
Dans l’exemple ci-dessous, nous essayons de trouver les sources de l’art 993CcCB (l’équivalent de l’art 1401CcQ) dans Labibliothèque. Grâce à la liste ci-haut, on voit que cet article se trouve analysé au volume 7.
Les deux premières pages à partir d’où l’art 993 CcBC est abordé nous offrent un extrait du Digeste de Justinien (le signe « ff » signifie Digeste) et un extrait de Pothier.Dans les pages suivantes, on peut lire d’autres extraits tirés de Domat et un article du Code Napoléon.
1Charles-Chamilly de Lorimier et Charles-Albert Vilbon, La bibliothèque du Code civil de la province de Quebec (ci-devant Bas-Canada) : ou recueil comprenant entre autres matières, Montréal : Cadieux & Dérome, 1871-90.
